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Black Pepper Essential Oil |
| Both black and white pepper essentials have been used in the East for over 4,000 years for medicinal and culinary purposes. In Chinese medicine, the white is used to treat malaria, cholera, dysentery, diarrhea, stomach ache and other digestive problems. Used in certain tonic and rubefacient preparations. Used for unusual effects in perfumery work, for example, with rose or carnation in oriental or floral fragrances. |
| Botanical Name: | Piper nigrum L.
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| Family: | Piperaceae
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| Synonyms: | Pepper oil, black pepper, piper, peper, pepe, common pepper, Madagascar pepper.
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| Similar Oils: | White Pepper
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| Parts Used: | Peppercorns
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| Extraction Method: | Steam Distillation.
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| Appearance: | Colourless to light green liquid
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| Aroma Description: | Sweet, warm, even fruity pepper note
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| Perfume note: | Middle
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| Blends well with: | Bergamot, clary sage, clove, coriander, fennel, frankincense, geranium, ginger, grapefruit, lavender, juniper, lemon, lime, mandarin, sage, sandalwood and ylang-ylang.
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| Historical Uses: | Both black and white pepper essentials have been used in the East for over 4,000 years for medicinal and culinary purposes. In Chinese medicine, the white is used to treat malaria, cholera, dysentery, diarrhea, stomach ache and other digestive problems.
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| Modern Uses: | Used in certain tonic and rubefacient preparations. Used for unusual effects in perfumery work, for example, with rose or carnation in oriental or floral fragrances. The essential and oleoresin are used extensively in the food industry, as well as in alcoholic drinks. Black pepper oil can be used to help in the treatment of pain relief, rheumatism, chills, flu, colds, increase circulation, exhaustion, muscular aches, physical and emotional coldness, nerve tonic and fevers.
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| Cautions: | Non-toxic, non-sensitizing, irritant in high concentration due to rubefacient properties. Use in moderation only.
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| Aromatherapy Uses: |
Circulation, Muscles and Joints - Anemia, arthritis, muscular aches and pains, meuralgia, poor circulation, rheumatic pains, sprains, stiffness.
Digestive System - Colic, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, heartburn, loss of appetite, nausea.
Immune System - Colds, flu, infections, viruses.
Respiratory System - Catarrh, chills.
Skin Care - Chilblains.
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| Main Constituents, % |
| Caryophyllene |
34.6 |
| Carene |
16 |
| Limonene |
14.5 |
| Pinene |
11.4 |
| Copaene |
2.9 |
| Elemene |
1.8 |
| Cadinol |
0.9 |
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| Physical Actions |
| Analgesic, antimicrobial, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antitoxic, aperitif, aphrodisiac, bactericidal, carminative, diaphoretic, digestive, diuretic, febrifuge, laxative, rubefacient, stimulant (nervous, circulatory, digestive), stomachic, tonic. |
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| Toxicity |
LD50 - (oral) rat >not known mg/kg; (dermal) rabbit >not known.
Irritation/Sensitisation - Not available
Phototoxicity - Not available
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